Portale di Ateneo - En.Unibs.it

1. POLYTUMATIZED
• General assessment of the traumatized
- Primary survey
or anamnesis
or rapid analysis of the patient (areas - breathing - circulation)
- Absolute emergency
or cardiac arrest
or cardiac tamponade
or hypertensive emo-pneumothorax
- Secondary survey
or general objective examination
o Essential diagnostics (respiratory hemodynamics)
o Use of diagnostic techniques (limits and advantages in emergency)
- Priority
- Quantification of injury severity (scores)
- Monitoring with a stabilized patient

2. ABDOMINAL CLOSED TRAUMES: LESIONS OF THE PARENCHIMATOSIS ORGANS
• Generalities and etiopathogenesis
- picture of haemorrhage (hemorrhagic syndrome)
- picture of acute abdomen (peritonitis syndrome)
• Diagnostic procedures
• Overview of specific types of abdominal closed traumas
- injuries of the spleen
- liver injury
- pancreas lesions
- kidney lesions
• Principles of therapy

3. DIGESTIVE HEMORRHAGE
• Hemorrhage site (etiology)
- superior
- lower
• Signs and symptoms
• Diagnosis
• Principles of therapy: medical - endoscopic - surgical

3. THE ACUTE SURGICAL ABDOMEN
• Peritonitis
• Bowel obstruction

4. POST-OPERATIVE COMPLICATIONS
• Major post-operative complications and their treatment (medical therapy, surgical treatment in election and in urgency)
• Monitoring of hemodynamic conditions
• Monitoring of respiratory conditions
• Prevention of controversial imbalances (infused liquid volume - diuresis - SNG - drains - PVC)
• Prevention of metabolic imbalances - nutritional therapy
• Thromboembolic disease prevention
• Prevention of infections

5. VASCULAR EMERGENCIES AND TRAUMATIC INJURIES OF ARTERIES
• Aortic dissection
• The rupture of abdominal aortic aneurysms
• The rupture of aneurysms of the visceral arteries
• Acute ischemias of the limbs
- Acute arterial obstructions (embolism - thrombosis)
- Acute venous obstructions
• Traumatic artery lesions:
- Mechanisms of vascular traumas
- General diagnostic and therapeutic measures and priorities
- Specific traumatic injuries:
o Injuries of the large thoracic vessels
o Injury of large abdominal vessels
o Injuries of the neck vessels
o Injuries of the vessels of the articles