Portale di Ateneo - En.Unibs.it

INTRODUCTION
Flexible automation in the manufacturing and process industry.
Automatic systems and technology integration.
Functional comparison of the main technologies of the part of
power: electric, pneumatic and hydraulic drives.
Organization of an automatic system: functional diagrams
movement-time, movement-phase, GRAFCET.

ELECTRIC DRIVES
Introduction to electrical drives
Movement generation problems in Automatic Machines e
Industrial Robots. Application examples.
Structure and functional characteristics of electric drives.
Components necessary for operation.
Motor-load coupling
Engine-transmission-user structure. Characteristic curves of
engines and loads. Continuous operational fields
and intermittent. Place of loads. Motor / load coupling:
transient and speed, effect of speed reducer and inertia. load
static and dynamic. Criteria for checking and choosing the size of the engines and of the
reduction ratio in different load conditions.
Laws of motion: outline.
Engine thermal problem
Thermal balance. Insulation classes. Continuous couple and couple
par. Thermal time constant. Services
standard Sl, S2 and S3. Short term generic cycles.
Recalls of electromagnetism
Electric actuators (operating principles, characteristic curves
static and dynamic, adjustment possibilities, operating fields)
DC motor: permanent magnets and excitation).
Synchronous motor with electronic switching (brushless): trapezoidal flow
and sinusoidal.
Single and three-phase asynchronous motor.
Stepper motor.
Linear direct drive motor.
Functional characteristics of electric drives.
Functional design of an electric drive
Selection and dimensioning of the motor-reducer unit and of the relative one
converter. Reading a catalog.

PNEUMATIC DRIVES
Introduction
General characteristics and structure of pneumatic drives.
Placing of pneumatics in automatic systems.
Compressed air and its laws.
Structure of automatic pneumatic systems.
Pneumatic components
Types of pneumatic components and their function in a circuit
tire.
Linear pneumatic actuators: single and double acting cylinders.
Sizing of a cylinder. Specialized pneumatic actuators:
double rod cylinders, without rod, with anti-rotation, a
membrane, multi-position, rotary ..
Pneumatic valves: v. directional (function, types, realization
constructive with drawer and shutter, valve drives.
Auxiliary valves: non-return valve, OR and AND logic valves,
uni and bidirectional flow regulator, pneumatic timers.
Valve performance: operational and regulatory characteristics of
reference, flow characteristics and coefficients of valve, flow rate
par.
Limit switch sensors.
Circuit diagrams and legislation.
Programs for the graphical representation of circuits.
Outline of electro-pneumatic and proportional technology.
Pneumatic systems
Compressed air generation: compression,
filtration, accumulation, refrigeration, air drying.
Compressed air distribution: main features of the
distribution, sizing of pipes.
Compressed air treatment: fíltri, pressure regulator e
lubricator. Air contamination classes.
Pneumatic systems
Vacuum technology.
Energy savings in pneumatic systems.

HYDRAULIC DRIVES
Introduction
General characteristics and structure of hydraulic drives.
Placing of oleodynamics in automatic systems: application examples.
General principles: references to the principles and laws of hydrostatics e
hydrodynamics.
Structure of a hydraulic system.
Hydraulic components
Pumps: function, basic parameters, choice of pump. Types
construction of pumps: axial and radial pistons, external gears and
interior, vane, screw type.
Cylinders.
Directional valves: function, types, selection parameters.
Auxiliary valves: pressure limiter with direct and pilot operated command,
pressure reducing, flow control, locking.
Fluids used in hydraulic systems
Functions performed by the fluid.
Main characteristics of the fluid: compressibility, viscosity and index of
viscosity.
Main families of fluids and their characteristics.
Fluid filtration: contamination classes according to the legislation,
degree of filtration, sizing, positioning of the filters
plant.
Basic circuits
Single-cylinder elementary circuits. Parallel and multi-cylinder circuits and m
series. Speed ​​regulation of hydraulic actuators. Circuits
regenerative. Hydrostatic open and closed circuit transmissions.