Portale di Ateneo - En.Unibs.it

Programme.
Issue 1.
Altitude.
The altitude environment. Ventilatory responses to hypoxia and hypercapnia. Ventilatory adaptation to altitude. Cardiovascular and hematological responses. Maximal oxygen consumption at altitude. Structural and functional muscle adaptations.
Issue 2.
Breath-hold diving.
The hyperbaric environment. Lung volumes. The blood shift hypothesis. Limits to breath-hold diving. Energetics of breath-hold diving. Alveolar gas composition at the end of deep breath-hold diving. Cardiovascular adaptations and the diving response. Respiratory adaptations to diving.
Issue 3.
SCUBA diving.
The role of pressure and the choice of inert gases. The scuba diving pparatus. Airway resistance. exercise capacity at depth. Saturation diving.
Issue 4.
Space.
The space environment and microgravity. Body fluid displacement. venous compliance. Cardiovascular responses in microgravity. The return on Earth. Orthostatic intolerance. Maximal oxygen consumption. Muscle atrophy. Bone and joint adaptations.
Issue 5.
Heat and cold.
Heat exchanges. Skin blood flow. Shivering. Sweating. Critical temperature. Adaptation to heat. Adaptation to cold. Heat-exercise stress.