Portale di Ateneo - En.Unibs.it

The molecular logic of life. The elements of biochemical interest and covalent bond. The biomolecules and water: the weak interactions in an aqueous environment. pH, buffer solutions and Henderson-Hasselbalch equation. The amino acids and the peptide bond. The three-dimensional structure of proteins: secondary, tertiary and quaternary structure. Myoglobin and hemoglobin. Enzymes: classification, mechanism of action and Michaelis-Menten equation. Regulation of enzymatic activity: activation and inhibition. Modulation of metabolic pathways through regulatory enzymes. Vitamins. Principles of bioenergetics. Redox reactions of biochemical interest. Glycolysis and its regulation. Lactic and alcoholic fermentation. Yield of respiration. The Krebs cycle and its regulation. The oxidative phosphorylation. The breakdown of triglycerides and the β-oxidation of fatty acids. Catabolism of amino acids and the urea cycle. Reductive biosynthesis: general characteristics. Gluconeogenesis and glycogen metabolism Notes on the biosynthesis of AA and their derivatives The ketone bodies The glyoxylate cycle The biosynthesis of fatty acids of triglycerides and complex lipids. The biological membranes. Biosynthesis of cholesterol and lipid transport in the blood stream. Derivatives of cholesterol. Biosynthesis and degradation of nitrogenous bases and nucleotides. Hormones: structure and mechanism of action. Biochemistry of the major organs.
Methods of tissue homogenization and separations of subcellular fractions by centrifugation techniques. Extraction and purification of proteins by chromatographic techniques. Electrophoresys, isoelectrofocalization, western blot techniques. Cellular metabolism analysis. Microscopial analysis of molecula interactions. Expression of recombinant proteins.