Portale di Ateneo - En.Unibs.it

Production of cast iron and steel with the Blast Oxygen Furnace (BOF) route.
- Description of plants, process steps, chemical reactions, metallurgical implications.
- Modern systems for the abatement of pollutants.

Direct reduction processes alternative to the BOF route: Midrex, Corex and Finex processes.

Production of steel with the Electric Arc Furnace (EAF).
- Description of the furnace and its components: water-cooled panels, refractories, electrodes.
- Basic operations in the electric oven.

Recent developments in the electric arc furnace.
- Mechanical, electrical and automation innovations.
- Alternative systems for the steel scrap melting.
- Electrical plants for ingots remelting: VAR and ESR.

Sustainability of the electric route steel
- Off-gas collection and cleaning systems.
- Recovery and reuse of EAF black and white slags.

Steel refining
- Description of the ladle-furnace.
- Melt stirring and heating systems the and alloying elements addition.
- Main refining processes: deoxidation and desulphurisation.
- Steel vacuum processing systems: VLD, DH, RH, VOD.
- AOD process for the production of stainless steels.

Continuous casting
- Historical background on continuous casting.
- Description of the process and of the main plant components.
- The effect of process parameters on the quality of semi-finished products.

Advanced continuous casting systems.
- Steel strip casting: Twin-Roll Casting and Horizontal Single-Belt Casting (HSBC).
- ESP (Endless Strip Production) technology.