Portale di Ateneo - En.Unibs.it

Review of fundamentals.
Definitions of system, property, interaction, process, weight process, equilibrium, steady state, stable equilibrium state, reversible process. First law. Energy, defined for equilibrium and non-equilibrium states: additivity, exchange via interaction, conservation, energy balance. Second law. Adiabatic availability. Available energy with respect to a thermal reservoir. Entropy, defined for equilibrium and non-equilibrium states: additivity, exchange via interaction, non-decrease, entropy balance. Criteria for reversibility of weight processes. Work, heat and bulk flow interactions. Energy versus entropy diagrams.
Fundamental relation of stable equilibrium states: temperature, pressure and chemical potentials. Enthapy, Gibbs free energy and other characteristic functions. Simple system model. Homogeneous and heterogeneous states, phases, Gibbs phase rule. Pure substances: two-phase and triple-point states, state diagrams. Ideal behavior: incompressible fluid and solid, ideal gas.

Multicomponent simple systems and phase diagrams.
Specific and partial properties. Chemical potentials, partial pressure, Gibbs-Dalton and Amagat-Leduc ideal mixtures, ospmtic pressure, nonideal mixtures, Duhem-Margules relations, activity and fugacity, volume, enthalpy and entropy of mixing, least work of separation and largest work of mixing, liquid-vapor and solid-vapor equilibria, Poynting effect, Raoult law, phase diagrams, surface tension, Kelvin-Helmholtz realtion, stability.

Combustion and chemical equilibrium.
Stoichiometry, reaction coordinate, multiple reactions, energy and entroy balances for closed and open reactors, electrolytic cell, formation reactions, hydrocarbon combustion, adiabatic flame temperature, chemical equilibrium, elements of chemical kinetics, constrained equilibrium method, reciprocity relations.

Steady state irreversible phenomena and Onsager relations.
Fundamental model for the study of steady-state non-equilibrium phenomena, flux-gradient relations, reciprocity relations, Righi-Leduc effect, electrochemical potential, Seebek, Peltier, Thomson, thermodiffusion effects, conductivity in anisotropic media.